Abu Bakr (RA) Kaliphan Manzon Allah na farko

*KALIFOFIN MANZON ALLAH*

✍ *Haruna I Muh'd*

1st *Sayyidina Abu Bakr (ra)*

Asl. Farkon kalifa a Musulunci shi ne *Abu Bakr (ra)* kuma an haifeshi ne a Makkah.  shi ne babban abokin manzon Allah, manzon Allah ya girmeshi ne da shekaru biyu da yan watanni,

*Dangantakanshi da cikekken Sunansa*

Sunansa *Abdul-Lahi bn Uthman bn Ameeer bn Amru bn Ka'ab bn Saad bn taym bn Murrah bn Kaab bn Luayyi al-Quraishiy* shi ne ake kiransa Abu Bakr babansa kuma abu Quhafa, mahaifin ya karbi musulunci ne lokacin da aka ci Makkah da yaki. Mahifiyarsa kuma Sunanta *Salma* bnt Shakr bn Aamir bn Kaab bn Saad bn Taym, ana kiranta *Ummul Khairi*.

*Kirarinsa*
Sayyidina abu Bakr yana da kirari masu yawa amma ga kadan daga ciki:

(A) *al-Atiyq* sabo da yana yawan yanta bayi.
(B) *As-Siddeeq* wannan kirari ne da manzon Allah da kansa ya saka masa. Lokacin da suka hau kan dutsen Uhud, da dutsen ya fara girgiza annabi ya masa magana, cewa ya daina  ba kowa bane a kansa face *Annabi* da *Siddeeqi* da Kuma *Shahidai biyu*.

(C) *As-Saahib* na nufin Sahabi ko Aboki.

(D) *Al-Awwaah*  an saka masa ne sabo da yawan mika wuyansa ga Allah da kuma taushin ransa.

*Matsayinsa kafin zuwan Musulunci*
   Tun kafin zuwan Musulunci sayyidina Abu Bakr mutum ne mai kima da daraja. Ya kasan ce mutum ne da ake lissafashi cikin masu dukiya akaf cikin Juma'ahrsa . mutum ne mai Karumci da sanin yakamata. Kuma yana daga cikin shuwagabannin Quraishawa. Yana daga cikin mutane goman da suka tsarkaka tun daga jahiliyya har Musulunci basu da abun kushewa. Har a cikin kabilan Banu Hashim ana cewa *ba wanda ya ci ko yasha ba daga cikin dukiyarsu ba(su goma ne daga cikinsu har da sayyidina Abu Bakr). Mutane na kaunarsa kuma na girmamashi matuka.

*Iyalan gidansa*

Sayyidina Abu Bakr  ya auri mata har hudu kuma yana da yara Shida Uku maza Uku mata:

1. Matarsa ta farko *(Qutaylah bint Abdul Uzzah)* masana tarihi sunyi sabanin ko ta karbi Musulunci ko a'a.
Suna da yara biyu tare dashi:
*A* *Abdul-Lahi bn Abu Bakr* (Ra) ya zama C.I.D  na Manzon Allah lokacin da zasu yi hijira.
*B* *Asma'u Bnt Abu Bakr* ita ta auri Sahabin Manzon Allah *Zubairu bn Awwam*  kuma ita ce macen da ta fara haihuwa a Madina cikin masu Hijrah, ta haifi *Abdul-Lahi bn Zubair* kuma ita ce macen da ta rasu ta karshe a cikin matan da suka yi hijrah. (73 AH).

2. Matarsa ta biyu ita ce *Ummu Ruuman bnt Aamir bn Umayr al-Kinaniyyah* ta musulunta a farko farkon Musulunci.
Suna da yara biyu dashi:
*(A) Abdur-Rahman bn Abu Bakr* shi ne dansa na farko.
*(B) Uwar Muminai Aishatu bnt Abu Bakr* mata a gidan Manzon Allah (Saw) kuma wacce yafi so a cikin mata, babanta kuma a cikin duk mazan duniya. Tana daga cikin wadan da sauka rawaito Hadiths mafi yawa.

3. Matarsa ta Uku ita ce *Asma'u bnt abi Umays al-Khas'amiyyah* ya aureta ne lokacin da mijinta *Ja'afar bn abi Talib* ya rasu. Suna da yaro daya da ita.
(A). *Muhammad bn Abu Bakr* wanda ya girma a gidan Sayyidina *Aliyu bn Abi Talib (ra)*.

4. Matarsa ta hudu ita ce *Habibah bint Khaarijah* ya rasu ya barta da Juna biyun yarinya daya.

*(A) Ummu Khulsum bnt Abi Bakr* an haifeta bayan babanta ya rasu. Kuma ta auri daya daga cikin wadan da aka musu albishirin Al-Jannah tun daga nan duniya *Dalhatu bn Ubaidul-Lahi* .

*Sayyidina Abu Bakr da Musulunci*

Sayyidina Abu Bakr shi ne mutum na farko a cikin maza da ya fara musulunta, hadisai masu dimbin yawa sun zo kan falalarsa da yadda yayi aiki wa Musulunci da dukiyarsa da hankalinsa da kuma gabbansa.  Doriya akan duk abun da aka ambata, manyan sahabbai da dama sanadiyarsa suka Musulunta.

*Wadan da suka Musulunta ta hannunsa*

1. Uthman bnt Affan (sayyidina Uthman)
2. Zubair bn Awwam.
3. Dalhatu bn Ubaidul- Lahi.
4. Abdur-Rahman bn Awf.
5. Saad bn Abi Waqqass.
6. Abu Ubaida Ibn Jarrah.
7. Abu Salama.
8. Khalid Ibn Said.
9. Abu Huzaifa Ibn Mugirah.

Bayan wadan nan Bayi masu yawa sun musulunta ta hanunsa kamar haka:

*Bayi Maza*
1. Bilal ibn Rabah
2. Abu Faakih.
3. Ammar Bn Yasir.
4. Abu Fuhaira.

*Bayi mata*
1. Lubainah.
2. An-Nahdiyyah.
3. Ummu Ubays.
4. Haritha bnt al-Mu'ammil.

*Zabensa a matsayin Khaleephan Manzon Allah*
Bayan rasuwan Manzon Allah al'ummah da dama sun shiga damu, wasu ma suka bar addinin. Amma masu tunani suka tsaya kan a nemi wanda zai jagoranci al'ummah. A karshe duk al'ummah suka amince ba wanda ya cancanta in bashi ba. A karshe aka zabeshi ya zama khalipha na farko bayan Manzon Allah (saw). 

*Manyan Abubuwan da yayi nasara akansu a tsawon shugabancinsa na khalifanci*

1. *Ya tura tawagan yakin da Manzon Allah (saw) ya shirya karkashin kwamanda Usama Ibn Zayd*

*2. Ya yaki wadanda suka yi riddah da wadanda suka ki bada zakkah bayan rasuwan Manzon Allah(saw).*
Ya yakesu kuma anci nasara da dama suka dawo Musulunci.

*3. Hada al-Qur'an waje guda*
Shi ne wanda ya fara aikin hada al-Qur'an waje guda tare da shawarin Sayyidina *Umar Ibn Alkhattab*  sabo da yadda suka ga an kashe mahaddata da dama a Yakin *Yamamah*  an kuma daura nauyin aikin ma *Zaiyd bin Thabit* da ya hadashi wuri guda

*Rasuwansa*
Sayyidina Abu Bakr ya rasu ne a Ranan Litinin 27 ga watan takwas(8), 634  A.C. sayyidina Umar ne ya jagoranci Sallarsa, kuma an bissineshi ne a kusa da kabari Manzon Allah (saw) da yake dakin Nana Aishatu, dab da masallacin Manzon Allah (saw).

Wan nan shi ne a takaice tarihin Babban sahabin Manzon Allah, Sayyidina Abu Bakr (ra). Duk wanda ya samu wannan sako ya tura wa yan uwa don muyi tarayya dashi cikin lada.

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